ABSTRACT
Fundamento: el b-learning aumenta la motivación de los estudiantes e incorpora las herramientas digitales al proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje. Objetivo: determinar la contribución del b-learning al proceso de dirección del trabajo independiente en la disciplina Bases Biológicas de la Estomatología. Métodos: la investigación se realizó durante el curso 2021 y corresponde a una de las acciones estratégicas específicas para el perfeccionamiento del proceso de dirección del trabajo independiente en la disciplina Bases Biológicas de la Estomatología, en la Facultad de Estomatología de la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Pinar del Río. Se utilizaron métodos teóricos: análisis-síntesis e inducción-deducción y empírico: la observación a actividades docentes. Resultados: la orientación del trabajo independiente se realizó mediante un sistema de tareas docentes integradoras, cuya solución se realizó en un ambiente de aprendizaje b-learning, apoyado en un sistema de medios de enseñanza sobre tronco encefálico, caracterizado por la integración de medios tradicionales y mapas conceptuales confeccionados aplicando las herramientas de las tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones. Se constató motivación en los estudiantes lo cual incrementó la actividad independiente e influyó en su correcta autopreparación y el buen desarrollo de la independencia cognoscitiva. Conclusiones: la aplicación del b-learning, apoyado en el sistema integrado de medios de enseñanza, mostró su eficacia al contribuir al perfeccionamiento del proceso de dirección del trabajo independiente en la disciplina Bases Biológicas de la Estomatología.
Background: b-learning increases student motivation and incorporates digital tools into the teaching-learning process. Objective: determine the contribution of b-learning to the management process of independent work in the Biological Bases of dentistry discipline. Methods: the research was carried out during the 2021 academic year and corresponds to one of the specific strategic actions for the improvement of the independent work management process in the discipline Biological Bases of dentistry, in the Faculty of dentistry of the University of Medical Sciences of Pinar del Rio. Theoretical methods were used: analysis-synthesis and induction-deduction and empirical: observation of teaching activities. Results: the orientation of independent work was carried out through a system of integrative teaching tasks, the solution of which was carried out in a b-learning learning environment, supported by a brainstem teaching media system, characterized by the integration of traditional media and conceptual maps made by applying the tools of information and communications technologies. Motivation was found in the students, which increased independent activity and influenced their correct self-preparation and the good development of cognitive independence. Conclusions: the application of b-learning, supported by the integrated system of teaching aids, showed its effectiveness in contributing to the improvement of the management process of independent work in the Biological Bases of Dentistry discipline.
Subject(s)
Schools, Dental , Teaching Materials , Education, Medical , e-Accessibility , Material Resource ManagementABSTRACT
Fundamento: los adolescentes son un grupo de referencia importante en quienes los medios audiovisuales sobre la salud bucal aportan valor motivacional y desarrollan un aprendizaje significativo. Objetivo: diseñar un audiovisual sobre cuidados de la salud bucal y general dirigido a los adolescentes. Métodos: se realizó un estudio de desarrollo tecnológico en el período de febrero a noviembre de 2019. Se utilizaron métodos teóricos para la fundamentación de la investigación y empíricos: análisis documental, cuestionario y entrevista. Se consultó a especialistas para la valoración del audiovisual diseñado. Resultados: predominó en el nivel de información sobre la salud bucal la categoría regular. Los temas de mayor desinformación fueron: las consecuencias de algunas enfermedades bucales en la salud general y viceversa, la placa dentobacteriana, importancia de una sonrisa sana y aspectos sobre higiene bucodental. Sustentado en estos hallazgos, se diseñó un guión previo a la confección del audiovisual. El producto final fue valorado por especialistas y usuarios, teniendo en cuenta determinados indicadores. Conclusiones: el medio diseñado aportó útiles conocimientos los que fueron aceptados por el grupo etario al que fue destinado. Fue valorado satisfactoriamente por especialistas y usuarios. Se cumplieron las expectativas de la experiencia pedagógica.
Background: adolescents are an important reference group in whom audiovisual media on oral health provide motivational value and develop meaningful learning. Objective: to design an audiovisual on oral and general health care aimed at adolescents. Methods: a study of technological development was carried out in the period from February to November 2019. Theoretical methods were used to support the research and empirical ones: documentary analysis, questionnaire and interview. Specialists were consulted for the assessment of the audiovisual designed. Results: the average category prevailed in the level of information on oral health. The topics with the greatest misinformation were: the consequences of some oral diseases on general health and vice versa, dental plaque, the importance of a healthy smile and aspects of oral hygiene. Based on these findings, a script was designed prior to the production of the audiovisual. The final product was valued by specialists and users, taking into account certain indicators. Conclusions: the designed aid provided useful knowledge that was accepted by the age group for which it was intended. It was satisfactorily valued by specialists and users. The expectations of the pedagogical experience were met.
Subject(s)
Schools, Dental , Indicators of Quality of Life , Education, Medical , Video-Audio Media , LearningABSTRACT
Fundamento: la creación de potentes repositorios de objetos de aprendizaje constituye un reto para los docentes en el contexto de la pandemia COVID-19. Objetivo: diseñar objetos de aprendizaje que integren la información necesaria sobre diferentes temas de asignaturas para estudiantes de cuarto año de la carrera de Estomatología en la educación a distancia. Métodos: se realizó una investigación desarrollo tecnológico en la Facultad de Estomatología de Camagüey en el período comprendido abril-junio 2020. Se emplearon métodos teóricos, empíricos y estadísticos matemáticos. Se utilizó el programa eXeLearning 2.3.1 para la elaboración de los objetos de aprendizaje. Se evaluaron los productos según criterios de estudiantes y de especialistas. Resultados: se crearon objetos de aprendizaje para las asignaturas Atención Integral a la Familia II y III, Odontopediatría y Ortodoncia los que contribuyeron al desempeño académico de los estudiantes, quienes, en su mayoría, destacaron sus aspectos positivos. Conclusiones: los objetos de aprendizaje resultaron de utilidad para el proceso enseñanza aprendizaje a distancia de los estudiantes de Estomatología; contribuyeron al desarrollo de habilidades intelectuales, la motivación y la asimilación de contenidos de forma asequible. Fueron valorados por especialistas en la categoría Muy adecuados para su uso en la docencia.
Background: the creation of powerful repositories of learning objects constitutes a challenge for teachers in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Objective: to design learning objects that integrate the necessary information on different subject topics for fourth-year students of the Dentistry degree in distance learning. Methods: a technological development research was carried out at Camagüey Faculty of Dentistry of in the period from April to June 2020. Theoretical, empirical and mathematical statistical methods were used. The eXeLearning 2.3.1 program was used to create the learning objects. The products were evaluated according to the criteria of students and specialists. Results: learning objects were created for the Comprehensive Family Care II and III, Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics subjects, which contributed to the academic performance of the students, who, for the most part, highlighted their positive aspects. Conclusions: the learning objects were very useful for the distance learning teaching process of Dentistry students; they contributed to the development of intellectual abilities, motivation and the assimilation of contents in an affordable way. They were valued by specialists in the category Very suitable for use in teaching.
Subject(s)
Schools, Dental , Teaching Materials , Education, Medical , Knowledge Management , e-Accessibility , LearningABSTRACT
Fundamento: es necesario conocer los desafíos que deben enfrentar la estomatología y la educación superior cubana para accionar ante las limitantes económicas, su relación con la ciencia, la tecnología e innovación, y formación de competencias en los profesionales para lograr el objetivo de la Visión 2030. Objetivo: identificar los desafíos de la Visión 2030 y la valoración de las limitantes económicas e integración con la ciencia, tecnología e innovaciones y el nivel de competencias específicas y transversales en la formación de profesionales en el área de salud. Métodos: se realizó una investigación descriptivo-transversal, en el periodo marzo-mayo 2021, en el Policlínico Universitario "Marta Abreu", de Santa Clara, Villa Clara. Se utilizaron métodos teóricos: análisis-síntesis e inductivo- deductivo; empíricos: encuesta y revisión documental; el matemático para determinar los valores absolutos y porcentaje. Resultados: se identificaron algunos desafíos: ausencia de tecnología apropiada, adopción limitada de iniciativas en la promoción y prevención de salud, compresión de señales de alarma, seguir una trayectoria de aprendizaje y superación constantes, restricciones reales en la integración con la ciencia y la innovación, y fomentar investigaciones prácticas basadas en las habilidades investigativas, comunicativas y de actualización de conocimientos en estudiantes. Conclusiones: la estomatología cubana tiene limitaciones económicas objetivas, que pueden ser superadas con su integración a la ciencia, tecnología e innovación, y el fomento de habilidades que les permitan actuar con creatividad en los escenarios más diversos.
Background: it is necessary to know the challenges that Cuban dentistry and higher education must face in order to act in the face of economic limitations, its relationship with science, technology and innovation, and the training of professional skills to achieve the goal of Vision 2030. . Objective: to identify the challenges of Vision 2030 and the assessment of economic limitations and integration with science, technology and innovations and the level of specific and cross sectional skills in the training of professionals in the health area. Methods: a descriptive-cross-sectional investigation was carried out, from March to May 2021, at "Marta Abreu" University Polyclinic, in Santa Clara, Villa Clara. Theoretical methods were used: analysis-synthesis and inductive-deductive; empirical ones: survey and documentary review; the mathematical to determine the absolute values and percentage. Results: some challenges were identified: absence of appropriate technology, limited adoption of initiatives in health promotion and prevention, understanding of alarm signals, following a path of constant learning and improvement, real restrictions in the integration with science and innovation, and promote practical investigations based on students' researching, communication and knowledge updating skills. Conclusions: Cuban dentistry has objective economic limitations, which can be overcome with its integration into science, technology and innovation, and the promotion of skills that allow them to act creatively in the most diverse scenarios.
Subject(s)
Schools, Dental , Education, Medical , LearningABSTRACT
Fundamento: el dibujo anatómico desde la propia clase aporta a los estudiantes de Estomatología mayor destreza manual, ligereza psicomotora y mejor percepción estética, lo cual responde a su formación profesional. Objetivo: diseñar un sistema de actividades de dibujo anatómico para el desarrollo de habilidades manuales e intelectuales en los estudiantes de Estomatología. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal en la Facultad de Estomatología entre enero de 2018 a diciembre de 2020. El diseño metodológico se desarrolló en tres etapas: diagnóstica, de diseño y valoración, y de implementación y evaluación. Se emplearon los métodos teóricos: histórico-lógico, analítico-sintético e inductivo-deductivo; empíricos: análisis documental, cuestionario y entrevista; y estadísticos-matemáticos: la estadística descriptiva para la elaboración de tablas y gráficos, así como el análisis porcentual para el procesamiento de los datos obtenidos en el diagnóstico y en la valoración ofrecida por los especialistas. Resultados: se realizó un estudio diagnóstico, el cual determinó que existían dificultades en el desarrollo de habilidades manuales e intelectuales en los estudiantes de Estomatología, sobre cuya base se diseñó un sistema de actividades que se implementó mediante un curso electivo y en algunos temas de la disciplina. Conclusiones: se diseñó un sistema de actividades de dibujo anatómico que contribuyó al desarrollo de habilidades manuales e intelectuales en los estudiantes de Estomatología para dar solución a problemas vinculados a la actividad profesional y la vida diaria. Fue valorado por especialistas como una respuesta acertada al problema investigado, a partir de la novedad y el nivel científico.
Background: anatomical drawing from the class itself provides Dentistry students with greater manual dexterity, psychomotor lightness and better aesthetic perception, which responds to their professional training. Objective: to design a system of anatomical drawing activities for the development of manual and intellectual skills in Dentistry students. Methods: a descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out at the Faculty of Dentistry from January 2018 to December 2020. The methodological design was developed in three stages: diagnostic, design and assessment, and implementation and evaluation. Theoretical methods were used: historical-logical, analytical-synthetic and inductive-deductive; empirical ones: documentary analysis, questionnaire and interview; and statistical-mathematical ones: descriptive statistics for the preparation of tables and graphs, as well as percentage analysis for processing the data obtained in the diagnosis and in the assessment offered by specialists. Results: a diagnostic study was carried out, which determined that there were difficulties in the development of manual and intellectual skills in Dentistry students, on the basis of which a system of activities was designed, that was implemented through an elective course and in some topics of the discipline. Conclusions: a system of anatomical drawing activities was designed that contributed to the development of manual and intellectual skills in dentistry students to solve problems related to professional activity and daily life. It was valued by specialists as a correct response to the investigated problem, based on its novelty and scientific level.
Subject(s)
Schools, Dental , Education, Medical , Learning , Medicine in the ArtsABSTRACT
Fundamento: analizar la producción científica ofrece un diagnóstico de los resultados científicos y determina el impacto de las investigaciones. Objetivo: caracterizar la producción científica del claustro docente de la especialidad de Periodoncia. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal de enero a marzo del 2021 en la Facultad de Estomatología de la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Villa Clara. Se emplearon métodos teóricos y empíricos. Las variables fueron las siguientes: profesores y producción científica, agrupadas en tres categorías: publicaciones, innovación y desarrollo, y formación de recursos humanos. Resultados: se presentaron un promedio de 13,6 ponencias y 4,9 artículos publicados por profesor en el período de estudio. El 12, 2 % de ellos fueron indexadas en la base de datos Scopus y el 53,1 % fueron artículos originales. El promedio de proyectos de investigación y de cursos superación profesional impartidos por profesor fue de 1,2. Conclusiones: las publicaciones representan la mayoría de las obras en la caracterización de la producción científica. Los resultados imponen estrategias de superación dirigidas a extender la cooperación internacional y la visibilidad científica de la publicación en otras bases de datos de reconocido prestigio internacional.
Background: analyzing scientific production offers a diagnosis of scientific results and determines the impact of research. Objective: to characterize the scientific production of the faculty of the specialty of Periodontics. Methods: a cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out from January to March 2021 at the Faculty of Dentistry of Villa Clara University of Medical Sciences. Theoretical and empirical methods were used. The variables were the following: professors and scientific production, grouped into three categories: publications, innovation and development, and human resources training. Results: an average of 13.6 papers and 4.9 articles published per professor in the study period were presented. 12.2% of them were indexed in the Scopus database and 53.1% were original articles. The average number of research projects and professional development courses taught per professor was 1.2. Conclusions: the publications represent the majority of the works in the characterization of scientific production. The results impose improvement strategies aimed at extending international cooperation and the scientific visibility of the publication in other databases of recognized international prestige.
Subject(s)
Schools, Dental , Serial Publications , Education, Medical , Bibliometrics , Scientific Publication Indicators , Inservice TrainingABSTRACT
Fundamento: la integración del software educativo en Rehabilitación Estomatológica requiere concretar una vía que conduzca a los profesores hacia el aprovechamiento de las potencialidades y recursos que contiene. Objetivo: explicar una metodología para la integración didáctica del software educativo en el proceso enseñanza aprendizaje de las asignaturas Rehabilitación I y II en Estomatología. Métodos: se realizó una investigación cualitativa en la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Holguín, de enero a junio de 2020. Se aplicaron métodos del nivel teórico: analítico-sintético, inductivo-deductivo, sistémico-estructural-funcional y la modelación, los que permitieron organizar y desarrollar la metodología. Resultados: a partir del diagnóstico previo de insuficiencias y potencialidades del estado actual de la integración del software educativo en el proceso enseñanza aprendizaje se elaboró una metodología que consta de objetivo general, fundamentación, aparato cognitivo y aparato instrumental; este último con tres etapas y sus procedimientos, así como orientaciones para su implementación. Conclusiones: la metodología constituye una herramienta teórico-metodológica para la integración didáctica del software educativo en el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje. Su organización y estructuración aportan una visión nueva sobre cómo asumir la integración en Rehabilitación Estomatológica, con orientaciones que viabilizan la utilización de estos recursos en un ambiente de aprendizaje que promueve la actividad del estudiante.
Background: the integration of educational software in dental Rehabilitation requires specifying a path that leads teachers to take advantage of the potential and resources it contains. Objective: to explain a methodology for the didactic integration of educational software in the teaching-learning processes of the subjects Rehabilitation I and II in Dentistry. Methods: a qualitative research was carried out at the Holguín University of Medical Sciences, from January to June 2020. Theoretical level methods were applied: analytical-synthetic, inductive-deductive, systemic-structural-functional and modeling, which allowed organizing and developing the methodology. Results: from the previous diagnosis of insufficiencies and potentialities of the current state of the integration of educational software in the teaching-learning process, a methodology was elaborated that consists of a general objective, foundation, cognitive apparatus and instrumental apparatus; the latter with three stages and their procedures, as well as guidelines for their implementation. Conclusions: the methodology constitutes a theoretical-methodological tool for the didactic integration of educational software in the teaching-learning process. Its organization and structure provide a new vision on how to assume integration in dental Rehabilitation, with guidelines that make possible the use of these resources in a learning environment that promotes student activity.
Subject(s)
Schools, Dental , Education, Medical , Information Technology , LearningABSTRACT
Fundamento: la plataforma Moodle ofrece conocimientos al futuro cirujano dentista en formación, si se utilizan correctamente sus herramientas, lo cual constituye su aporte a la educación virtual. Objetivo: conocer el nivel de uso de la plataforma Moodle en la formación del futuro cirujano dentista, según edad, sexo y semestre. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal en la escuela de Estomatología de una universidad privada de la ciudad del Cusco-Perú, en el mes de noviembre de 2021. Se utilizaron métodos teóricos: análisis-síntesis y sistémico; empíricos: un cuestionario estructurado en tres dimensiones para medir la variable principal, el cual se aplicó a 52 estudiantes de los diferentes semestres; y matemáticos-estadísticos a través del cual se obtuvieron los resultados. Resultados: en el procesamiento de datos se obtuvo que las dimensiones 1 y 3 presentaron un nivel eficiente, y la 2, regular. Se constató que los estudiantes de menor edad y las féminas fueron los que tuvieron un nivel mayor de uso y eficacia en esta plataforma en el proceso enseñanza aprendizaje en todas las dimensiones. Conclusiones: Moodle es una plataforma adecuada para la formación del futuro cirujano dentista, es una herramienta didáctica que coadyuva a su aprendizaje a través de la educación virtual.
Background: the Moodle platform offers knowledge to the future dental surgeon in training, if its tools are used correctly, which constitutes its contribution to virtual education. Objective: to know the level of use of the Moodle platform in the training of the future dental surgeon, according to age, sex and semester. Methods: a descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in the Dentistry school of a private university in the city of Cusco-Peru, in the month of November 2021. Theoretical methods were used: analysis-synthesis and systemic; Empirical ones: a questionnaire structured in three dimensions to measure the main variable, which was applied to 52 students of the different semesters; and mathematical-statistical through which the results were obtained. Results: in the data processing it was obtained that dimensions 1 and 3 presented an efficient level, and 2, avarage. It was found that the younger students and the females were the ones who had a higher level of use and efficiency in this platform in the teaching-learning process in all dimensions. Conclusions: Moodle is an adequate platform for the training of future dental surgeons; it is a didactic tool that contributes to their learning through virtual education.
Subject(s)
Schools, Dental , Education, Distance , Education, Medical , Information Technologies and Communication Projects , LearningABSTRACT
RESUMEN Introducción: según la Organización Mundial de la Salud, el software educativo ha revolucionado el modelo pedagógico tradicional hacia nuevos modelos didácticos, donde el espacio, el tiempo y los recursos para el aprendizaje no están limitados. Objetivo: diseñar un software educativo como soporte bibliográfico para la asignatura Rehabilitación II, de la carrera Estomatología. Métodos: se realizó una investigación de innovación tecnológica en la Facultad de Estomatología de la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Villa Clara, durante el curso 2018-2019. Se utilizaron métodos teóricos: histórico-lógico, analítico-sintético, e inductivo-deductivo; empíricos: revisión de documentos, entrevista no estructurada a estudiantes de otros años superiores y a directivos y otros docentes de la facultad, y cuestionario a estudiantes. Para la confección de la software educativo se utilizaron los programas: Notepad++, Paint, Photoshow, Microsoft Office Power Point y Wondershare Photo Story Platinum. Resultados: el análisis documental confirmó carencias de bibliografías y medios de enseñanza para el estudio e impartición de los contenidos de la asignatura, lo cual fue confirmado por los informantes clave. La mayoría de los estudiantes prefirieron como medio de obtención de la información un software educativo, el cual fue diseñado y valorado por criterios de especialistas. Conclusiones: por su información el software educativo es un recurso capaz de ser utilizado como medio de enseñanza en la impartición y estudio de la asignatura. Fue valorado por especialistas como un material funcional, de aplicabilidad, atractivo, factible y original.
ABSTRACT Background: according to the World Health Organization, educational software has revolutionized the traditional pedagogical model towards new didactic models, where space, time and resources for learning are not limited. Objective: to design an educational software as a bibliographic support for the Rehabilitation II subject, of the Dentistry degree. Methods: a technological innovation research was carried out at the Faculty of Dentistry of the Villa Clara University of Medical Sciences, during the 2018-2019 academic year. Theoretical methods were used: historical-logical, analytical-synthetic, and inductive-deductive; Empirical ones: review of documents, unstructured interview with students from other higher years and with directors and other teachers of the faculty, and questionnaire to students. For the preparation of the educational software, the following programs were used: Notepad++, Paint, Photoshop, Microsoft Office Power Point and Wondershare Photo Story Platinum. Results: the documentary analysis confirmed the lack of bibliographies and teaching aids for the study and teaching of the contents of the subject, which was confirmed by the key informants. Most of the students preferred an educational software as a means of obtaining information, which was designed and valued by specialist criteria. Conclusions: due to its information, educational software is a resource capable of being used as a teaching aid in the teaching and study of the subject. It was valued by specialists as a functional, applicable, attractive, feasible and original material.
Subject(s)
Schools, Dental , Information Technology , Medical Informatics Applications , Education, Medical , Information Technology ManagementABSTRACT
El colectivo de carrera resulta una alternativa oportuna para efectuar el proceso de perfeccionamiento curricular y resolver el problema del nexo interdisciplinar, por lo que se impone la necesidad de valorar la correspondencia de los contenidos a tratar en las asignaturas y su articulación lógica y pedagógica en sentido vertical. Por su complejidad y la demanda de fortalezas que interfieren en su correcta actuación, los autores de esta comunicación comparten sus consideraciones acerca de determinados elementos a reforzar, donde se imponen procesos integradores regidos por la experticia en el funcionamiento de este subsistema organizativo para el trabajo metodológico, en pos de alcanzar la excelencia académica.
The career staff is an opportune alternative to carry out the process of curricular improvement and solve the problem of the interdisciplinary nexus, for which the need to assess the correspondence of the contents to be treated in the subjects and their logical and pedagogical articulation in cross-sectional sense. Due to its complexity and the demand for strengths that interfere with its correct performance, the authors of this research paper share their considerations about certain elements to be reinforced, where integrative processes governed by expertise are imposed in the operation of this organizational subsystem for methodological work in favor of academic excellence.
Subject(s)
Schools, Dental , Program , Education, MedicalABSTRACT
Fundamento: los tratamientos para las periodontitis intentan conseguir la regeneración periodontal de los pacientes, y el uso de células madre y hemocomponentes surge como tecnología sanitaria, por lo que es necesario capacitar al periodoncista en aras de elevar su desempeño profesional. Objetivo: identificar el nivel de conocimientos y necesidades de superación que poseen los periodoncistas en medicina regenerativa con células madre y hemocomponentes, en Santiago de Cuba. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal en la Facultad de Estomatología de Santiago de Cuba, de septiembre 2019 a marzo 2020. Se aplicaron métodos teóricos, empíricos: un cuestionario cuyos resultados se catalogaron en suficientes, medianamente suficientes e insuficientes; y la estadística para el análisis de los resultados. Resultados: ningún especialista reportó conocimientos suficientes en los aspectos tratados, y al calcular la media aritmética, por debajo del 15 % tenía conocimientos medianamente suficientes de los aspectos que se investigaron. Las principales dificultades se detectaron en lo referente a estudios de laboratorio, remisión, identificación de reacciones adversas asociadas a esta terapia, la selección y métodos de obtención de los hemocomponentes y la aplicación clínico-quirúrgica de las variantes del tratamiento disponibles en la provincia. Conclusiones: se evidenciaron insuficiencias en el conocimiento para la aplicación de la medicina regenerativa con hemocomponentes de los especialistas en Periodoncia encuestados, por lo que se requiere una estrategia de superación para elevar la calidad del servicio.
Background: the treatments for periodontitis try to achieve the periodontal regeneration of patients, and the use of stem cells and blood components emerges as health technology, so it is necessary to train the periodontist in order to improve their professional performance. Objective: to identify the level of knowledge and improvement needs that periodontists have in regenerative medicine with stem cells and blood components, in Santiago de Cuba. Methods: a cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out at the Dentistry Faculty of Santiago de Cuba, from September 2019 to March 2020. Theoretical and empirical methods were applied: a questionnaire whose results were classified as sufficient, moderately sufficient and insufficient; and statistics for the analysis of the results. Results: no specialist reported sufficient knowledge in the aspects covered, and when calculating the arithmetic mean, below 15% had moderately sufficient knowledge of the aspects that were investigated. The main difficulties were detected in relation to laboratory studies, remission, identification of adverse reactions associated with this therapy, the selection and methods of obtaining blood components, and the clinical-surgical application of the treatment variants available in the province. Conclusions: insufficiencies in the knowledge for the application of regenerative medicine with blood components of the specialists in Periodontics surveyed were evidenced, for which an improvement strategy is required to raise the quality of the service.
Subject(s)
Schools, Dental , Education, Dental, Continuing , Education, Dental, Graduate , Education, Medical , Inservice TrainingABSTRACT
El proceso enseñanza aprendizaje del idioma inglés ha evolucionado y la comprensión auditiva es de suma importancia para adquirir fluidez en la expresión oral. Por tal motivo, las autoras se propusieron promover la necesidad de desarrollar esta habilidad de manera óptima y eficiente. El análisis realizado permitió concluir que esta deficiencia se ha generado a partir del énfasis que proporcionan los docentes y estudiantes a otras habilidades durante la impartición de sus contenidos.
The teaching-learning process of the English language has evolved and listening comprehension is of the utmost importance to acquire fluency in oral expression. For this reason, the authors set out to promote the need to develop this skill optimally and efficiently. The analysis carried out allowed us to conclude that this deficiency has been generated from the emphasis that teachers and students provide to other skills during the teaching of their contents.
Subject(s)
Schools, Dental , Education, Medical , Language , LearningABSTRACT
Fundamento: el estudio del cuerpo humano como un todo con enfoque sistémico constituye un aspecto esencial en la enseñanza de la Anatomía Humana en las carreras de las ciencias médicas. Objetivo: expresar la importancia del enfoque sistémico del cuerpo humano como un todo y su relación con los órganos y sistemas, en la enseñanza de la Anatomía Humana, en las carreras de las ciencias médicas. Métodos: se realizó una revisión bibliográfica de comunicaciones, artículos originales y de revisión, publicados en la última década (2010-2020) en revistas nacionales e internacionales indexadas en bases de datos reconocidas Scielo y Google Académico. Las principales palabras clave utilizadas fueron: enfoque sistémico, organismo humano, educación médica. Desarrollo: luego de la revisión documental realizada se expresó la importancia del enfoque sistémico del cuerpo humano como un todo y su relación con los órganos y sistemas en el estudio de la Anatomía Humana, lo que permitió reforzar la opinión de los autores al respecto fundamentalmente en relación a la necesidad de la enseñanza de dicha ciencia con este enfoque sistémico. Conclusiones: la dirección del proceso enseñanza aprendizaje de la Anatomía Humana, atendiendo a un enfoque de sistema, garantiza que el estudiante se forme con una concepción del organismo humano como un todo en estrecha relación con sus partes.
Background: the study of the human body as a whole with a systemic approach constitutes an essential aspect in the teaching of Human Anatomy in medical science careers. Objective: to express the importance of the systemic approach to the human body as a whole and its relationship with organs and systems, in the teaching of Human Anatomy, in medical science careers. Methods: a bibliographic review of research papers, original and review articles, published in the last decade (2010-2020) in national and international journals indexed in recognized databases Scielo and Google Scholar was carried out. The main keywords used were: systemic approach, human organism, medical education. Development: after the documentary review carried out, the importance of the systemic approach of the human body as a whole and its relationship with the organs and systems in the study of Human Anatomy was expressed, which allowed to reinforce the opinion of the authors in this regard fundamentally in in relation to the need to teach this science with this systemic approach. Conclusions: the direction of the teaching-learning process of Human Anatomy, taking into account a system approach, guarantees that the student is formed with a conception of the human organism as a whole in close relationship with its parts.
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Schools, Dental , Education, Medical , LearningABSTRACT
Resumen Introducción y objetivo: La pérdida de capacidad auditiva por exposición a ruido en ambiente laboral es un problema de salud pública que se constituye en la tercera causa de incapacidad mundial por exposición laboral. En el área de odontología, personal en proceso de formación se ve expuesto al ruido del instrumental usado en los procedimientos clínicos lo que puede conducir a pérdida auditiva inducida por ruido. Evaluar la capacidad auditiva de estudiantes de una facultad de odontología en Colombia. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional analítico de corte transversal, en estudiantes de odontología de sexto a décimo semestre; se hizo encuesta autodiligenciada y valoración clínica audiológica a todos los participantes. La base de datos se consolidó en Microsoft Excel y se analizó en el programa estadístico STATA 14.0. El análisis estadístico incluyó descripción de los datos usando media y desviación estándar (datos cuantitativos) y frecuencias absoluta y relativa (datos cualitativos) los cuales se acompañaron de intervalos de confianza del 95%. El análisis bivariado se realizó con test exacto de Fisher y prueba de Chi cuadrado así como prueba de t de Student y ANOVA. Resultados: Se evidenció una pérdida auditiva de 77,8% para el oído derecho y el 76,2% para el oído izquierdo. Conclusión: Los estudiantes de odontología presentaron alteración en su capacidad auditiva. La edad y el semestre académico se asocian con la pérdida de la capacidad auditiva.
Abstract Introduction and objective: Loss of hearing ability due to exposure to noise in the workplace is a public health problem that constitutes the third cause of disability worldwide due to occupational exposure. In the dental area, personnel are exposed to the noise of the instruments used in clinical procedures, which can lead to noise-induced hearing loss. To evaluate the hearing capacity of students from a dental school in Colombia. Materials and methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was carried out in dental students from sixth to tenth semester; the participants' information was obtained through a self-filled survey and clinical audiological evaluation. The database was consolidated in Microsoft Excel and exported to the STATA 14.0 program where the information was processed. The analysis plan included description of the data using mean and standard deviation (quantitative data) and absolute and relative frequencies (qualitative data) which are accompanied by 95% confidence intervals. Bivariate analysis was performed with Fisher's exact test and Chi square test, as well as Student's t-test and ANOVA. Results: A hearing loss of 77.8% was evident for the right ear and 76.2% for the left ear. Conclusion: Dental students presented alteration in their hearing ability. Age and academic semester are associated with loss of hearing ability.
Resumo Introdução e objetivo: A perda da capacidade auditiva devido à exposição ao ruído no local de trabalho é um problema de saúde pública que é a terceira principal causa de incapacidade no mundo devido à exposição ocupacional. Na área de odontologia, o pessoal é exposto ao ruído dos instrumentos utilizados nos procedimentos clínicos, o que pode levar à perda auditiva induzida por ruído. avaliar a capacidade auditiva de estudantes de uma escola de odontologia na Colômbia. Materiais e métodos: Um estudo transversal analítico foi realizado em estudantes de odontologia do sexto ao décimo semestre; as informações dos participantes foram obtidas por meio de inquérito auto-preenchido e avaliação audiológica clínica. O banco de dados foi consolidado no Microsoft Excel® e exportado para o programa STATA 14.0, onde as informações foram processadas. O plano de análise incluiu a descrição dos dados usando média e desvio padrão (dados quantitativos) e frequências absolutas e relativas (dados qualitativos) acompanhadas por intervalos de confiança de 95%. A análise bivariada foi realizada com o teste exato de Fisher e qui-quadrado, bem como o teste t de Student e ANOVA. Resultados: Perda auditiva de na orelha direita foi 77,8% na orelha direita e 76,2% na orelha esquerda. Conclusão: Os estudantes de odontologia apresentaram alteração na capacidade auditiva. A idade e o semestre acadêmico estão associados à perda da capacidade auditiva.
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Aim: This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate where Brazilian dental students seek information about COVID-19 by a self-administered web-based questionnaire. Methods: A social network campaign on Instagram was raised to approach the target population. The dental students responded to a multiple-response question asking where or with whom they get information about COVID-19. The possible answers were government official websites or health and education institutions websites, TV Programs, professors, social media, scientific articles, health professionals, and family members. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, and the frequency distributions of responses were evaluated by gender, age, type of institution, and year of enrollment. Results: A total of 833 valid responses were received. The main source of information used by the dental students were government official websites or health and education institutions websites, which were reported by 739 (88.7%) participants. In the sequence, 477 (57.3%) participants chose health professionals while 468 (56.2%) chose scientific articles as information sources. The use of social media was reported by 451 (54.1%) students, while TV programs were information sources used by 332 (39.9%) students. The least used information sources were professors, reported by 317 (38.1%) students, and family members, chosen only by 65 (7.8%) participants. Conclusion: Brazilian dental students rely on multiple information sources to stay informed about COVID-19, mainly focusing their information-seeking behavior on governmental and health professional's websites
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Schools, Dental , Students, Dental , Surveys and Questionnaires , Information Seeking Behavior , Social Media , COVID-19ABSTRACT
Introdução: A Odontologia Legal é uma área que associa os conhecimentos odontológicos e jurídicos, sendo fundamental para a responsabilidade ética odontológica e legal no exercício da profissão. Objetivo: Verificar a presença da disciplina Odontologia Legal entre os cursos ativos de Odontologia no Brasil. Material e métodos: Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, observacional, descritivo e transversal. A população foi composta pelos cursos ativos de Bacharelado em Odontologia, por meio do portal do e-MEC, no qual foram obtidas todas as informações disponíveis através dos sítios eletrônicos institucionais. As grades curriculares foram analisadas, para verificação da presença da Odontologia Legal como disciplina, específica ou conjunta. Resultados: Constatou-se que dos 464 cursos ativos, a maioria era das regiões Nordeste (34%) e Sudeste (30%). De acordo com a distribuição dos cursos por Unidade Federativa, São Paulo e Minas Gerais representavam os estados com maior percentual, ambas com 13,8%. Apenas 378 (81%) cursos dispunham de Organização curricular disponibilizadas em sites. Destes, 86,8% apresentaram a inclusão da Disciplina Odontologia Legal em sua grade curricular, como preconizado pelas Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais de 2002. Conclusão: Observou-se que a maioria dos cursos ativos apresentava a inclusão da disciplina Odontologia Legal em sua grade curricular, sendo ofertada de forma conjunta e, na maioria dos casos, sua nomenclatura estava associada à Ética e Bioética, com carga horária média de 55,8 horas. Além disso, a maior ocorrência foi no oitavo período e como disciplina de caráter obrigatório.
Introduction: Forensic Dentistry is an area that associates dental and legal knowledge, being fundamental to the dental ethical and legal responsibility in the exercise of the profession. Objective: To verify the presence of the discipline Legal Dentistry among active dentistry courses in Brazil. Material and methods: This is a quantitative, observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study. The population consisted of active Bachelor of Dentistry courses, through the e-MEC portal, in which all available information was obtained through the institutional websites. The curricula grids were analyzed to verify the presence of Legal Dentistry as a discipline, specific or joint. Results: It was found that of the 464 active courses, most were from the Northeast (34%) and Southeast (30%) regions. According to the distribution of courses by Federal Unit, São Paulo and Minas Gerais represented the states with the highest percentage, both with 13.8%. Only 378 (81%) courses had their curricular organization available on websites. Of these, 86.8% presented the inclusion of the discipline Legal Dentistry in their curriculum, as recommended by the 2002 National Curriculum Guidelines. Conclusion: It was observed that most of the active courses presented the inclusion of the subject Legal Dentistry in their curriculum, being offered together and, in most cases, its nomenclature was associated with Ethics and Bioethics, with an average workload of 55.8 hours. In addition, with greater occurrence in the in the eighth period and discipline is mandatory.
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Objetivo: Avaliar o perfil do estudante do Curso de Odontologia da Universidade Federal do Pará e sua percepção quanto à formação e mercado de trabalho. Métodos: Participaram do estudo 100 estudantes com idade igual ou superior a 18 anos, que estavam cursando o 2º, 4º, 6º, 8º e 10º períodos do curso. O instrumento de pesquisa foi um questionário com 18 questões de múltipla escolha e 1 discursiva, elaboradas por dois estudantes do 10º período e um docente. Os estudantes foram divididos em 2 grupos: grupo 1 correspondente ao período pré-clínico e grupo 2 ao clínico. Para análise de dados foi realizada estatística descritiva e Teste G com nível de significância de 0,05. Resultados: A maioria dos estudantes era do sexo feminino (67%), com renda familiar de até 06 salários mínimos (70%), que escolheram a odontologia por vocação (37%) e primeira opção de curso (55%). A maioria relatou que o curso tem condições adequadas para formação, apesar das dificuldades existentes (53%). O mercado de trabalho foi percebido como bom por 56%. O interesse em aprimorar os estudos antes da inserção no mercado foi predominante (83%), com pretensão salarial de 04 a 06 salários mínimos (31%). Não houve associação estatística entre as variáveis e semestres do curso (p > 0,05). Conclusão: O perfil dos estudantes foi de jovens, predominando o sexo feminino e renda salarial de até 06 salários mínimos, ingressantes pelos sistemas de ampla concorrência e cotas. O curso de Odontologia foi considerado adequado, apesar das dificuldades apresentadas. O mercado de trabalho foi percebido como bom pela maioria dos entrevistados.
Aim:To evaluate the profile of undergraduate students in Dentistry at the Federal University of Pará and their perception of education and the job market. Methods:A hundred students participated in the study, 18 years of age or over, who were in the 2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th, and 10th periods of the course. The research instrument was a questionnaire with 18 multiple choice questions and one discursive question, which was prepared by two students from the 10th period and one teacher. The students were divided into 2 groups: group 1 corresponding to the preclinical and group 2 to the clinician period. Descriptive statistics and G test were used in the data analysis with a 0.05 significance level. Results: Most students were female (67%), with a family income of up to 06 minimum wages (70%), who chose dentistry by vocation (37%) and as their first course option (55%). Most reported that the course has suitable conditions for training, despite the existing difficulties (53%). The job market was perceived as good by 56%. They showed interest in improving studies before entering the market (83%), with a wage expectation of 04 to 06 minimum wages (31%). There was no statistical association between the variables and periods of the course (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The profile of the students was of young individuals (23.4 years old), with predominance of females and salary income of up to 06 minimum wages, who entered the university through the systems of wide competition (49%) and quotas (43%). The undergraduate dentistry course was considered suitable, despite the adversities. The job market was perceived as good by the majority of respondents.
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Schools, Dental , Students, Dental , Dentistry , Job Market , PerceptionABSTRACT
RESUMEN Fundamento: se necesita desarrollar una Didáctica que responda a las particularidades del proceso enseñanza aprendizaje de la Estomatología y conferirle a la superación y la investigación en este campo el papel que le corresponde. Objetivo: fundamentar algunos preceptos teóricos sobre el uso de la didáctica particular de las ciencias médicas en el proceso enseñanza aprendizaje de la Estomatología. Métodos: se realizó una investigación de desarrollo en la Facultad de Estomatología de la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Villa Clara durante los años 2016 a 2018. Se emplearon métodos teóricos: histórico-lógico, analítico-sintético y sistémico estructural; empíricos: análisis documental, observación, grupos de enfoque y criterios de especialistas. Resultados: se constataron carencias en la aplicación de una didáctica particular en el proceso enseñanza aprendizaje en Estomatología, por lo que se realizó un análisis donde se fundamentaron sus componentes personales y no personales con nuevos elementos que sirven como sustento teórico para la realización de cualquier investigación que tenga este proceso como objeto de estudio. Conclusiones: los fundamentos teóricos derivados del análisis recibieron una valoración favorable por los especialistas consultados porque proporcionaron elementos importantes en los procesos de profesionalización docente o pedagogización del claustro de esta carrera, y por tanto, demandan su inclusión en la superación profesional pedagógica de sus docentes.
ABSTRACT Background: a Didactics that meets the particularities of the teaching and learning process of Stomatology as well as to give to training and research its rightful role in this field, needs to be developed. Objective: to provide some theoretical precepts on the use of the specific didactics of medical sciences in the teaching and learning process in Stomatology. Methods: a development research was carried out in the Stomatology Faculty at the University of Medical Sciences of Villa Clara from 2016 to 2018. Theoretical methods were used: historical-logical method, analytical-synthetic method and systemic-structural method; empirical methods: documentary analysis method, observation method, focus groups method and specialist criteria method. Results: we found deficiencies in the application of a specific didactics in the teaching and learning process in Stomatology. Therefore, an analysis through which we provided the personal and non-personal components with new elements that serve as theoretical support to conduct any research study that has this process as study object, was carried out. Conclusions: theoretical foundations resulting from the analysis had a favorable assessment from specialists were asked because they provided important elements in the processes of teaching professionalization or pedagogy of the teaching staff of this career, and therefore, they demand this elements be included in pedagogical professional development for teachers from this faculty.
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Schools, Dental , Community-Institutional Relations , Education, Medical , LearningABSTRACT
Objective: To analyze the perception of undergraduates' students in a Dentistry School about the impact of basic disciplines on their professional development, as well the integration of this knowledge with the professional sphere. Material and Methods: It is a qualitative research study carried out through focus groups comprised of dentistry students close to finishing their degree. The data were analyzed by the thematic content analysis. Results: Four categories derived from the empirical material: "Disassociation of basic disciplines within the professional cycle", "Autonomy or transference of responsibility", "Campus-DOD distancing" and "Humanization of health care from first moments". The narratives showed the difficulties faced in order to effect, indeed, integration between the basic cycle and the curricular components of the vocational cycle. It was also evident the decontextualization of the basic cycle with the perspective of approach with professional practice. In addition, student's protagonist posture and learning how to humanize health care were identified as important factors to be debated and improved in the curriculum from the beginning of the course. Conclusion: The difficulties faced in order to effect an actual integration between the basic disciplines and the professional disciplines bring undesirable consequences upon undergraduate, being fundamental that the construction of new pedagogical projects means an effective integration of the contents to the curriculum design, avoiding any fragmentation between the basic and vocational cycle.
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Humans , Male , Female , Social Perception , Students, Dental , Brazil , Problem-Based Learning/methods , Education, Dental , Schools, Dental , Focus Groups/methods , Interview , Evaluation Study , Qualitative ResearchABSTRACT
Objective: To describe the current situation of the dental profession in Chile, including training and workforce issues. Material and Methods: Data were collected from different national institutions, which included information regarding number of current registered dentists, university of graduation, geographical distribution, professional position, additional specialty certifications obtained, the number and characteristics of dental surgeons who work in the public and private sectors, the traditional character of the university, the accreditation status of the undergraduate dental programs and the general population number. Results: Currently there are 32 schools of Dentistry in Chile, of which 21 have their quality certified. There are 19,100 Chilean dentists and 1,727 foreign dentists registered. The number of graduates from private universities has increased significantly. Currently, 2,164 dentists work for MINSAL. Less than a third hold a specialty certification. Forty-five percent of the dental specialists obtained their certification from universities. The current professional ratio is 104 dentists per 100,000 habitants. Conclusion: The number of dentists in Chile has increased progressively during the last years, mainly associated with the opening of new dental schools. Only 28% of the Chilean dental schools have certified their quality for the total duration of the undergraduate program. Regarding the workforce, there is a public/private and geographical inequities in dentists' distribution.